I am wondering if it is something amiss in the protection mechanism versus something amiss with the op-amp front end. The fact that the latch up is not triggered by 8-ohm loads applied after power is stable nor by a 900 ohm load, but a 16 ohm load applied to either side DOES TRIGGER latchup is interesting.
I would like to believe that the first and second items rule out the large transistors. Also whatever the failure mechanism is, it is common to both sides.